Irrational and inappropriate antimicrobial use (AMU) in aquaculture can lead to the emergence and persistence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogens, and the risk of transfer of AMR pathogens from aquaculture settings through interlinked human-animal-environment spread pathway can be high. Various types of agrochemicals, aqua-medicines, and drugs, including antibiotics are frequently used in many predominant aquaculture systems in Bangladesh. Experts have identified several predisposing factors contributing to AMU and AMR development in aquaculture sectors in Bangladesh. This fact sheet contains relevant key points about AMU and AMR, a major challenge for the aquaculture industry in Bangladesh and also focuses on WorldFish’s work to address this challenge.